Jade's Blog: 2015

Tuesday 2 June 2015

Thursday 21 May 2015

What are the different ways we can record TV?
We can record digital TV a number of ways, Freeview gives us this option, as well as common providers, like Sky who give us the option to record programmes if we can't watch them when they're on so watch whenever we want.
They also have the On Demand service, where they have a selection of programmes that are new out and hot to watch already downloaded, all we need to do is press play.

Another way to record TV is using a DVR cable or a PVR personal TV recorder.

Video signals.
Different types of audio signals are;

Composite: This is an analog video connector that typically uses a yellow RCA connector, this transmission is carried without sound is most commonly found in standard definition TV.

Component: This is a video signal that is split up into two, sometimes three component channels. They carry analog component videos and are RCA plugs that are different colours - typically green, red and blue.

HDMI: This is the standard way of connecting high definition video devices, it transfers video and audio and is the digital replacement for analog video standards.

Friday 8 May 2015

Tutorial script

Camera

In productions there are sometimes a multi camera element, multi camera set ups are more often used in studio productions, for example a chat show where you need to see the reactions of both people. On location there's more chance of it being a single camera production where one camera is used for it all. In these cases you may have to film, stop the action and move the camera to a different angle and carry on filming which can be challenging.

Lighting

The basic lighting set up for any production is the standard 3 point lighting.

This is where there are 3 lights to illuminate the frame,

1st is the key light which is at the subjects eye level and is the main illuminator
2nd is the fill light which is above the subject to light the rest of the frame
3rd is the back light which is at the back of the subject to get rid of any shadows or dark edges

Focus

Focussing is important when setting up a shot because it makes the shot clear and it's better for the audience to watch. Focussing is a way to tell the audience what to pay attention to, for example if the depth of focus is in the foreground and the background is blurred, you know to look at what's happening in the foreground.

You can either use auto focus on a camera, although this doesn't give you a lot of control or manual focus where you do it yourself - both buttons can be found on the side of the camera. If you want to focus it yourself, zoom in as far as possible, focus your shot and zoom out.

Mics

There are many different types of microphones from lavier mics, similar to a clip mic which you typically clip on to an item of clothing, most commonly used in interviews and are seen on presenters on live shows.

Another type is a shotgun mic, these are used on film and television sets as well as in small productions. They get mounted to a pole and have a muffler put over the top, they extract background noise when filming outside.

A microphone in a field recorder are also used in productions for voice overs or even interviews if it can be hidden, they can be set to record out of the top rather than via the cable which is connected to a boom mic.

Sound

In sound there's sync and non sync sound. Sync being where the audio and action match up and make sense, and non sync being where they don't match and it's out of place.

To sync sound when filming as well, you have to clap in front of the camera so it's seen and heard before you begin the dialogue.

Editing

There are different types of editing softwares, from Final Cut Pro and iMovie, to Sony Vegas and Adobe Premier with many more made for different purposes.

Final Cut pro

Final Cut Pro is a non linear editing software, this means you don't have to edit in chronological order so you can edit the end first and then the beginning.

When you open final cut pro you will see five windows on the screen, they are;

The browser, on the far left, this is where you select and import files to use, at this point you can view your clips and delete/keep them accordingly.
Next to the browser is the viewer where you mark in and out to use sections of clips. You press I to mark in and O to mark out and then drag the clip to your timeline.
Next to the viewer is the canvas where you view the edit you've formed in the timeline.
And then along the bottom we have the timeline where you can see how long your project is and also where you drag audio/video and sync it up.

Thursday 7 May 2015

where does it live?
the temperate rainforests of the Olympic Peninsula on the west coast of North America.

what are its natural predators?
Its natural predators, including the bald eagle and sasquatch.

what form of locomotion does it use to move?
Reaching out with one of her eight arms, each covered in sensitive suckers, a tree octopus might grab a branch to pull herself along in a form of locomotion called tentaculation;

http://www.snopes.com/photos/animals/treeoctopus.asp

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1352929/Endangered-tree-octopus-proves-students-believe-read-Internet.html

Wednesday 22 April 2015

Unit 27 Assignment 2

Individual Idea
Topic/Issue
My topic is how the media has negative influences on todays society, (print, TV, film music videos). I want it to show

The issues surrounding girls aged 9-18 and boys 14+
The conflict of messages within the media i.e. being told to be yourself vs. being told to be skinny and blonde
The controversy around size 12 being plus size
The impact Photoshop can have on the vulnerable (both genders)
Perception of a perfect body (both genders)
Fad diets
The opinion of those who are affected

- "About half were worried only about gaining more muscle, and approximately a third were concerned with both thinness and muscularity simultaneously. Meanwhile, less than 15 percent were concerned only with thinness. Those statistics reflect a major difference between boys and girls when it comes to weight concerns: whereas girls typically want to be thinner, boys are as likely to feel pressure togain weight as to lose it."
- Nearly 18% of boys are highly concerned about their weight and physique, JAMA Pediatrics
Article 1
Article 2 "

I hope it informs people of how the media can affect young people, the fact it can lead to depression and other disorders can raise awareness and make parents/carers check up on their kids as it could happen to anyone and to show people the knock on affect.

Research the target audience
Teenagers 14-18 would watch similar programmes to this because they're the target audience.
My idea would be popular with this audience because it's something that's relevant to them and it's a topic that some of them may have been/are going through or others may be completely in the dark about it so it will be good to inform them.
For example, the Stacey Dooley documentary which is about young people on boozing holidays in Bulgaria got 11 thousand views. This was popular because it's an interesting topic that hasn't really been touched on and it's relevant to young people.

Constraints:
Some problems for my production could be finding people to talk to who are affected by the topic, and finding someone who's willing to talk about it to get over this I'd need to find a few people of both genders so that it's not just about one type of person.
Also I'm not a psychologist so I don't know how this kind of thing can fully affect someone and all the information given has to be true so I'd have to do a lot of research to gets facts or speak to someone who knows what they're talking about.
Another thing is that I do have a few things I'd want to cover and I'd have to make sure that it doesn't drag on too much so I might have to condense my ideas and only discuss a few topics.

Genre
This is a factual documentary programme, the typical conventions of these kinds of programmes are;

Facts
Statistics
Interviews with relevant people: experts and normal people
Opinions of more than one person
Examples of the topic

To make mine more creative I'll make it engaging for a young person to watch. I know what makes a programme boring and what makes me turn off so I'll aim to keep the attention of the viewer. I'd do this by not giving loads of information at once, and when information is delivered try to include a visual so it's easier to take in.
As well as this, use terminology that's easy to understand, the tone has to be appealing to a teenage audience, part of which is young so using big words you'd find in an ITV documentary wouldn't work.

Guests/Crew needed
For my programme I'd need a presenter, to act like a reporter, 2 at most. I'd need participants as that's what my documentary will rely on so as many people I get to talk to about the topic as well as someone older - ideally someone in psychology so that there's expert opinion in there.
I'd need a camera operator, two sound people, editors, and someone to clap at the start of recording. As I'd be using a boom pole I probably wouldn't need individual microphones as everyone will be in close proximity.

VT needed
For my VT I have a few options, all of which would easily fit into the documentary at any time. There's a video of a woman having a photo-shoot and in the video they Photoshop her showing how easily you can change the way someone looks, I could use this as it's relevant. I also could use an interview with someone as a VT.

Outline structure
Step by step.

Introduction into the documentary
Small montage of what will be shown and topics discussed
Presenter discussing the issues of the media in front of a green screen, can cut to a VT that's relevant to keep it engaging
Photo shop that's used in print - magazines like Vogue and GQ
Interview on the opinions of this (including expert)
Conflict messages, for example Meghan Trainor and Beyoncé in music videos
Beauty perception in both male and female societies
Speak to people affected by this and measures they've taken (fad diets etc)
An overview of how the media can have a negative affect on young people with an expert explaining the psychological affects or facts found as a visual
Outro

Group proposal
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cqSh9Ba403KCdIhRQxhbYUzjW5rk8gMN6JCvE-tpgFI/edit?usp=sharing

Thursday 16 April 2015

Unit 27 Assignment 1

Tuesday 31 March 2015

Unit 16

Types of editing.

Invisible editing

Invisible editing's used to make an edit look seamless and to make the scene/sequence flow. It's used in the majority of TV and film and is a favourite in Hollywood cinema. This type of editing looks cleaner than a jump cut and it's a more immersive method of editing and can make the audience feel like they're watching this first hand in front of them.

Cutting on action

Cutting on action is a technique which is used to show the viewer the same scene from different angles. The editor cuts from shot to shot at the same time an action happens, for example a gun shot, the next view has to match the first action. It can be a way to create tension for the audience as it's as if the cut happens on demand or to leave a scene on a cliffhanger.

Jump cut

This type of editing is a simple way to show a scene between a few people, for example a conversation or argument/fight. It cuts back and forth from each character using camera angles that are slightly different. This is a very basic way of editing just cutting between whoever is in the scene and it just gives the audience two point of views whilst watching the scene.

Cross cut

Cross cutting is used commonly to show two things that are happening simultaneously but in different locations. Most often used in action sequences, they can be used to create dramatic tension for the audience as two different things can be happening at ones and the cuts can get quicker and more frequent as the action heats up.

Match cut

A match cut is when either two different objects, two different spaces, or two different compositions in which objects in the two shots graphically match, it helps to link two scenes together in a seamless way. They can be used as a trick, making the audience think they're watching the same scene when it's actually cut to another.

Montage
A montage is method of editing where you edit a series of short shorts into a sequence, they can condense space, time and information so no one scene seems to drag for too long. They can also show more that one thing that's happening at the same time; similar to a cross cut. Montages are in interesting way to show the audience more than one thing that's happening, it can create more meaning to one scene if something that's relevant is being cut with it.

The way that we edit television and film has change quite significantly. We've gone from just cutting up a scene to delete the bad bits to editing a sequence in order to make it have an affect on the audience or to make them feel a certain way.

Early Film
1903 - Basic Cuts in Film

This video explains the process of jump cuts, they used to be seen as something to avoid, however they can be used to tell a story. For example at 1:03 where he goes from talking to his head in his hands to "uhm" multiple times tell us he's confused/frustrated just from the way that his actions have been cut up. They're normally used in a conversation scene to show two people talking from the other persons point of view, however in this it's just used on one person to show jumps in time/the conversation.

1920s - Silent Film

This silent Alice in Wonderland film allows the audience to view a film in a different way, almost from another perspective. The loss of sound allowed the audience to understand the concept of time and space as it's in black and white it's hard to distinguish the difference between hours/days and locations look similar but the audience need to know they're different.
Jump cuts are used, for example at 2:37 to 2:41 it goes from the girls talking to a shot of the tree and them walking on from the side. The audience now know they've changed location and we've moved further on in the day.

1940s - Hollywood Studio System

The Third Man

The 1940s introduced films that included sound, it was a way that allowed an audience to immerse themselves in a new world to escape reality. This era was when cinema was at the height of its popularity and with sound being a major contributing factor, it made more and more people want to catch on.

The use of a pretty girl and good looking man made it pleasurable to watch and made them want to escape into this other world. Because it's in black and white, the music at 5:15 is upbeat and different to show another location/start of a new scene. A lot of this film is shot from slightly off angles, none that you'd find in a top budget Hollywood film - because this is relatively early in cinema no one will have noticed so to them it would have been like actually being there in the scene experiencing it first hand; this is another example of how it would have allowed them to escape into the film.

1960s - American New Wave

The Godfather

The American New Wave was a period in film making history when there was a ride of young, new film makers in America.

Cross cutting; from the baptism scene to the shooting ones. This is used to assist the multi strand narrative and adds more to the meaning of the scene.

Gives contrast between the two scenes.

Cutting on action; it's evident in the scene where the character is getting a massage. Goes from a wide shot to mid shot to close up as the assassin walks in and shoots him in the eye.

Montage; has a musical score underneath and the film uses a vary of other scenes. It speeds up the Christening scene and gives the audience the illusion that whilst he's there all his men are killing people - speeding up all the scenes so it flows in one.

1980s - High Concept cinema
The Shining

When he's approaching the bathroom, the movement is slow and a tense tune has been scored underneath, we know that something is about happen and it's going to be bad/dramatic. We're also able to see his wife frantically trying to escape through the window, these cross cuts make us want to close our eyes because we can see she can't get out and the music gets faster as the action climaxes.
By using this kind of music it makes us aware that it's a horror/action because it's a signature asset most films of those genres have. Also the use of cross cuts are used in action films so we can see two things that are happening at once for two different characters.

1990s - Digital editing software introduced

Living To Die

From the 1990s to now there's been a rise of filmmakers producing independent films and with multiple film festivals, more and more indie filmmakers are trying to get their work recognised.
Independent filmmaking isn't easy, but it's certainly cheaper with the majority being low-medium budget aimed at a home market.
In this independent film made in 1990 by PM Entertainment, they use stationary shots at first, then moving the camera with a voice over so that from the get go the audience are aware of what's happening, even when the screen is black. In the conversation scene from 1:23, they use a lot of jump cuts to show the other person talking, even in the scene at 10:03 jump cuts are used to show the other person in the bedroom and their reactions. Apart from sudden cuts to other characters, the editing is quite seamless and they cut on action in the poker scene where a heated conversation starts.

00s - Today

The Maze Runner

In modern cinema, all techniques are used but we might not recognise them. The film market is competitive and obviously everyone wants to make the number 1 spot.
CGI is a very common aspect to use, and the majority of the time we don't notice. For example in The Maze Runner, the concrete walls we see in the film aren't actually that high, realistically they're half the size and CGI is used to make their situation seem worse. Also when we see Thomas in the maze, the "grievers" aren't real and will have been filmed using a prop of some kind but created and edited in during post production.
Dependant on the genre of film, different techniques will be use din different ways. For example;
Horror - Cutting on action, match cuts, invisible editing.
Fantasy - CGI, cross cuts, montages, invisible editing.
Action - Cross cuts, very short and snappy to get adrenaline pumping, montages and invisible editing.
CGI - Computer Generated Imagery is a way to create something that's not real to add affect or meaning to a story. It's used in film, tv, video games, art and more to create the illusion of something that isn't real. I think it's a good thing because it adds more to a scene. E.g. if in the maze runner the walls weren't as high and they were shot at their actual height, you wouldn't feel as panicked or scared for the characters, also because a lot of things we want to add would be impossible to find and it's good that we have the ability to create something that isn't real, make it look life like and pass it odd as if it is real.

Wednesday 25 March 2015

Unit 27

Activity 1.

What do we mean by factual programmes?

Something that's informative and educates the audience. It's a programme that can be objective which has an aim of representing the topic that the programme is about. It includes all opinions so it's unbiased and it reflects all points of view.

Give some examples of the different types of factual programmes on TV.

The news - ITV evening news, documentaries - Trevor McDonald ones, fly on the wall - Gogglebox and reality programmes - Geordie Shore.

What is a documentary?

A documentary is a non fiction programme that is there to inform/educate the audience. They're constructed (Big Brother) and selected and reflect the various opinions that people have. They represent the world in a realistic style. There's truth (facts) vs. construction (scripted)

What are the different types of documentaries? Give examples to demonstrate your points.

Expository documentaries - they speak directly to the viewer. E.g. The Kyle Files.

Observational documentaries - a simple way to observe someone living their life. E.g. 16 & Pregnant.

Participatory documentaries - the film maker participates. E.g. Catfish.

Performative documentaries - they want an emotional response and are personal. E.g. Holocaust and 9/11 documentaries.

Activity 2.

Identify and write down what you think are the conventions of a documentary.

Interviews
Following a persons story
Statistics
Various opinions
Controversial subject
Voice over by the narrator
Cut aways

Conventions of a news bulletin

In a studio
A reporter
Interview with an expert
Interview with the public
Footage of the topic
Graphic intro with music that's distinctive
Formal

Issues facing factual programmes.

Accuracy

Correct information that's truthful, if it's not these then what's the point?

Bias

One sided opinion. Skewing the facts in favour of something is not on in a factual programme.

Representation

The way *it's shown to the audience. Misrepresentation of these things is unfair and unbalanced.

* subject/topic/facts/people.

Positive values of factual programmes.

You're being informed

You're being educated

Gives you an insight

They're entertainment

Create empathy

Can encourage change

Do you agree with Channel 4's description of the programme? List your points under the following headings:

Accuracy

- Participants are real so information is likely to be accurate.

- Participants claimed they had been duped into taking part under the pretence it was a series about community spirit.

Bais

- Negative bias approach to people on benefits.

Representation

- People are represented negatively.
- They would agree they have been misrepresented.

ITV Fake Footage
What effect does 'fake footage' or lying to viewers have on the reputation of a programme/channel/ documentary filmmaker?

Accuracy

- Inaccurate footage; makes them seem untrustworthy and unprofessional. Makes the viewers lose trust in the company or producer and creates the impression they're amateur.

Bias

- Their own opinion, mis selection of clips; wanted to show him negatively so used whatever they had.

Representation

- The 1988 attack is being misrepresented leading up to debates/conflict
- Can be offensive to soldiers/ service men and women.

Frozen planet
Article about the white lie

Accuracy

- The zoo filmed footage; makes them look unprofessional for not explaining that they couldn't film a polar bear in their environment.

- Makes the viewers dissapointed as David Attenborough is a well known person, damaging his reputation.

Bias

Representation

- Misrepresentation of polar bears in their natural habitat.
- Playing off that polar bears are tame etc; but they're in a zoo so will be trained. In the wild they're vicious animals.

The documentary "Supersize Me" got people talking about its lies and controversy. Link to the article. Doctors claim that the amount of calories he claimed he'd eaten didn't add up when they counted the calories found in the meals at McDonalds.

Morgan Spurlock started his journey as a healthy weight, over the next 30 days he could only eat food off the McDonalds menu, having to supersize his meal if the offer was made. By the end of his "experiment" he'd gained weight as well, gained liver damage as well as mood swings and depression.
This documentary painted McDonalds in a really bad way because the affect it apparently had on his body afterr the 30 days. It put a lot of people off of McDonalds because the impact grossed them out.

Layout of assignment 1
Deadline - 20th April

Outcome 1; Issues.
Outcome 2; Conventions.

In a powerpoint or prezi.

1st slide; Accuracy, bias and representation. (P1)

2nd slide; Examples of these issues in a programme; Benefits Street

ITV

Frozen Planet

Your own biased one

E.g. "This programme showed issues of A, B and R. (M1) The impact on the audience is... " (D1)

3rd slide; List the conventions of news programmes. (P2)
4th slide; Give examples of these conventions in; BBC News
Newsround
Your own - use stills and time codes (M2)
5th slide; Why are these programmes using/not using them? (D2)

6th slide; Define the two modes of documentary and the conventions (P3)
7th slide; Examples of conventions in; The Imposter
Stacey Dooley
Your own - use stills and time codes (M3)
8th slide; Why these conventions and modes are used (D3)

Monday 23 March 2015

Unit 8 Assignment 3

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uWq1W3CClJQ&feature=youtu.be

Thursday 12 March 2015

Vlog script research

Script notes for film section of vlog. DISNEY PICTURES

*Improvements in red.

4th. How are they structured? Who is the conglomerate and how are they integrated? (examples)

Walt Disney are their conglomerate and Walt Disney are horizontally and vertically integrated.

They're vertically integrated because they own more than two of three stages of production.

They own production companies to make the product - Pixar and Disney Pictures.

They also own their own distribution company, "Disney Media Distribution" which supplies more than 30,000 hours of content over 1300 broadcasters worldwide.

Finally they own the exhibition stage as they own their own Disney TV channel to show the content that they make.

They're also horizontally integrated because they own a string of companies that aren't just in one field so they can benefit from income from various markets. They have 4 basic areas of ways to make money; film, television, theme parks/resorts and products.

5th. How successful is this conglomerate?

Walt Disney is a very successful conglomerate, in terms of revenue it's the worlds largest conglomerate earning $48 billion in 2014. Just less than half of their revenue comes from TV and films and just over 30% comes from theme parks.

6th. What are the debates - pros and cons of a few media conglomerates owning the majority of the media?

The pros are that TV shows and other means of media are controlled by ratings and public opinion, so if the public like something, they watch it and it will stay. Or if they don't like something it will get bad ratings and it's gone so the public do have a small say in what comes on and off TV.

Also conglomerates owning so many companies can actually be beneficial for the consumer - we can now use one company, for example Sony for a range of services. These can be from the TV they make to mobile phone companies and car parts so the consumer can buy a variation of products without moving to a different company and they can pay for them all together.

Another is the fact that these media conglomerates own numerous TV stations, radio and publishing etc so despite there only being a few conglomerates - there is actually a wide spread way of people to receive their information.

On the reverse of this, the cons are that 232 media executives are in control of the information that gets fed to 277 million Americans.

Also what we get might be considered as generic TV because it's all made by the 6 same companies. The 6 major studios will all have a style that they stick to and the content we receive will reflect this making it seem like everything's the same.

Also nowadays companies are just concerned about the profit they make and aren't 100% focussed on the fact that a lot of people will watch/read what they put out there and they content they produce may be centred around one area/topic and there isn't a variation.

7th. What is the future?

The future for television is ever changing with more and more futuristic gadgets being invented. For example the Haier Modular TV tells you where to sit, and also tells you if you're sitting too close - advising you on the optimal viewing position.
As well as talks on a lazer projector which project your show or film onto a wall to watch so you wouldn't even need to have a TV to watch it anymore.
The Samsung flex phone is another futuristic piece of technology which you will be able to role, despite it having an 18 inch LCD panel.
I also think that the more and more people are going to be using streaming services like Netflix to watch TV, and because of this demand more games consoles will provide this service. Like PS3 and 4 already do.
The impact of new technology such as these are that conventional ways of watching television, i.e. a big TV in the front room will be considered dated and everyone will be moving on to follow trends and installing projectors in their front rooms.
The industry will also become more expensive, all these new gadgets that allow us to watch TV and Film will be costly because they're so new, different and futuristic. Not a lot of these new products will be made as it depends on how they sell so they'd also be hard to get if you did have the money.
Even the latest curved 3D without glasses TVs are a few thousand pounds and are seen as a revelation in TV viewing history, these new inventions make people more and more keen to create the newest way to watch TV and Films at home.

Script notes for BBC section of vlog.

8th. Introduce the BBC as a Public Service Broadcaster and explain what it is

The BBC is a public service broadcaster which means it's funded by the public and it broadcasts TV for the benefit of the public rather than for advertising purposes.

9th. How are they funded?

The BBC are funded by the public paying TV liscenes through their taxes which is £145.50 annually, part of this money goes to the TV section of the company and some goes to radio.

10th. How are they structured? (How are they regulated and managed?)

They're partly regulated by Ofcom, they have a say when it comes to the BBCs TV and radio services that's aimed at a UK audience. Their broadcasting code applies in these areas;

Protection of under 18s
Harm and offence
Showing crime and offence in an inappropriate way
Showing images that are explicit or inappropiate for more than a brief duration
Fairness
Privacy
Religious content being approached responsibly

If the BBC breach any of Ofcoms rules in a way that's considered "seriously, deliberately, repeatedly or recklessly" then they have the right to impose a sanction. From making the the channel broadcast a correction or a fine of up to £250,000.

11th. How successful are the BBC, have they had complaints about their management of programs, staff or services (find proof)

The BBC are successful making over £5 billion last year and being worth up to £7 billion. As long as they're funded by the TV licence, they will cary on with their success.

The BBC have recently received complaints about Top Gear presenter, Jeremy Clarkson which has lead to him being suspended. Ofcom have previously had to censor the programme in July 2014 because of Jeremy's derogatory terminology.
They've also received complaints from BBC 4 Radio listeners because due to them issuing a fake weather report on a fictional town near Birmingham. Listeners complained the fake map and report "insulted their intelligence" and they don't want to hear this nonsense. Link for pictures
The new "Poldark" series has also brought in some complaints with viewers saying the scar on Captain Ross Poldarks face looks like mascara, taking to twitter to voice their opinions. It was also mentioned that other characters' make up looks too modern for the time it's set in and there was a lack of Cornish accents.

Thursday 5 March 2015

Unit 16 Editing Techniques

Invisible editing
Definition: "A highly standardised system of editing, now virtually universal in commercial film and television but originally associated with Hollywood cinema, that matches spatial and temporal relations from shot to shot in order to maintain continuous and clear narrative action."
Example: (X)
Why and how: A seamless way of editing where you can't see the cuts. This method of editing is more immersive.

Jump cuts
Definition: "A jump cut is a cut in film editing in which two sequential shots of the same subject are taken from camera positions that vary only slightly."
Example: (X)
Why and how: Different angles in the same scene cutting back and forth for example in an argument or conversation scene.

Cutting on action
Definition: "Cutting on action or matching on action refers to film editing and video editing techniques where the editor cuts from one shot to another view that matches the first shot's action."
Example: (X)
Why and how: Cutting to another scene as soon as an action in a scene happens. It can create tension or leave the scene on a cliffhanger.

Cross cutting
Definition: "Cross-cutting is an editing technique most often used in films to establish action occurring at the same time in two different locations."
Example: (X)
Why and how: They're used a lot in action sequences to create dramatic tension, two different things can be happening in two different scenes and it cuts to both as the action is heating up.

Matched cut
Definition: "Is a cut in film editing between either two different objects, two different spaces, or two different compositions in which objects in the two shots graphically match, often helping to establish a strong continuity of action and linking the two shots metaphorically"
Example: (X)
Why and how: They can be used as a trick to make it seem like the scene is continuing but it's actually cut to another scene.

Montage
Definition: "A technique in film editing in which a series of short shots are edited into a sequence to condense space, time, and information."
Example: (X)
Why and how: A variation of one or more scenes that are one after each other. They're used to show two or more things happening at the same time.

Wednesday 4 March 2015

Unit 33

Unit 32

Unit 4

Unit 23

Vlog prep Unit 8 A3

Understanding TV and film industries
Television is made up of publicly funded channels, commercial channels and on demand channels. (ITV)
Radio is made up of local, commercial, national, community radio, world service, publicly funded and privately funded stations. (Capital Radio)
Film is made up of development, production, distribution and exhibition. (Disney)
Photography is made up of photo imaging - fashion photography, documentary photography, news photography, weddings, paparazzi and celebrity photography. (The School Photography Company)
Computer games are computer games, online games, publishing, development, distribution and hardware manufactures. (EA)
Interactive media is internet games, on demand and streaming services. (BBC iPlayer)
Press and publishing are newspapers, magazines, journals and books. (Penguin)
Advertising and marketing is made up of print, television, cinema, internet and radio. (Abbott Mead Vickers)

Commercial channels - Channel 5, ITV & C4 are funded by advertisers
Public service broadcasters - BBC are funded by TV licenses. £145.50

Understanding new technology
4K TV
Hi-Def 3D TV

New Technology

- 4K TV

- 3D TV

3D TV without glasses

- Curved TV

- The Hobbit using 48 frames p/s

- iMax

- Recording TV via an app

- Airplay

- Sky HD

- Voice command

- Streaming

Future technology

Future of the television industry

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The future is ever changing when it comes to new technology in TV and film with TVs like the top one which tells you where to sit and if you're sat too close it tells you to move further away - advising you on the optimal viewing position.

Also there's the Samsung flex smart phone which you can literally role even though it has an LCD screen. There's also been talk of a lazer projector where your film gets projected onto a wall in your home so you don't even need your TV to watch shows and films anymore.

Holographic TV - what's happening on TV is like extra 3D by it projecting the action/characters as a hologram.

An interactive TV where more and more games consoles are connecting to your TV allowing you to stream Netflix etc so you can watch movies in your bedroom.

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On the youtube video it said that basically the British TV industry will go to pot and the future isn't looking bright for it. Large Amercian companies are buying British ones almost wholesale. Public service broadcasters like Channel 4 and BBC are the only channels that aren't being dominated by the likes of Rupert Murdoch and Virgin Media owner John Malone.

What impact will US media companies have on the British TV industry?

The impact US companies could have are with the likes of the BBC, we might not have certain channels or programmes anymore. The BBC have to cater for everyone because it's a public service channel and if the US took over they could potentially change the content of the shows - making them more of an American style. The impact could also be paying for the channel, as it could be worth more to watch because of more channels and more content. I think the BBC will still always be around because it's a classic channel, I just think the public are going to go off it - BBC 3 has already gone online totally to keep up with the market at the minute as more and more people are going online and not watching TV news.

Sky - cross media - is the combination of two or more companies of different types usually involving a parent company.

BBC World service - world service - the international broadcaster is currently funded by grant-in-aid through foreign and commonwealth office of the British government.

The rise of the internet - globalisation - the process of international integration of world news, products, ideas and other aspects of culture.

Channel 4 - national - network is obliged to broadcast programming of public importance, including news, current affairs, children's religious programming as well as part election broadcasting on behalf of the major political parties and political events.

Harry Potter figurines - franchise - ownership of the characters and setting of a film, video game and book etc.

BBC radio Manchester - local - usually refers to the local area.

4oD - on demand channels - a service provided by the channel so viewers can watch programmes from that channel online.

Walt Disney company - media conglomerates - when one company owns media services and products from different types of media.

BBC1 - public service broadcaster - owned, controlled or financially supported by the state.

BBC - publicly funded - funded through tax money i.e the public pay through their taxes.

ITV - commercial channel - funded by the revenue from broadcast advertisements.

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Television research

What if your favourite TV programme?

Gogglebox.

Which company makes it?

Studio Lambert.

What is commercial TV?

Television that's broadcasted by privately owned corporate media. Funded by advertising and sponsorship, sometimes included in a subscription.

What is publicly funded TV?

TV that's funded by the public, i.e taxes.

What is TV on demand?

TV you can stream and watch whenever you want.

How many people are employed in television in the UK?

50,600 in 2012.

Give an example of an independent TV company?

Roughcut TV.

Who regulates TV in the UK?

OfCom.

Film

What was the last film you watched?

Penguins of Madagascar.

Which company made it?

Pacific Data Images and Dream Works Animation.

Who owns that company?

Dream Works Animation.

Who are the 6 big film companies in the US?

Sony, Comcast, GE, Disney, Time Warner, 21st Century Fox. 90-95% of US media are owned by these companies.

Look at the top 10 films showing in the UK and find out which companies made them.

1. 50 shades - Focus Features, Michael De Luca Productions and Trigger Street Productions.

2. Big Hero 6 - Walt Disney Pictures and Walt Disney Animation Studios.

3. Shaun the Sheep - Aardman Animations.

4. Kingman: The Secret Service - Marv Films and Cloudy Productions.

5. Jupiter Ascending- Village Roadshow Pictures and Anarchos Productions.

6. Peppa Pig: The Golden Boot - Astley Baker Davies and Entertainment One.

7. American Sniper - Village Roadshow Pictures, Mad Chance Productions, 22nd & Indiana Productions and Malpaso Productions.

8. The Theory of Everything - Working Title Films, StudioCanal.

9. Selma - Cloud Eight Films, Harpo Films, Plan B Entertainment, Pathe.

10. Paddington - Heyday Films and StudioCanal.

Who are the biggest UK film companies?

1. Aardman Animations.

2. Bedlam Productions.

3. Marv.

How many people work in the film industry in the UK?

43,000 in 2012.

Who regulate film in the UK?

BBFC.

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Film Industry - Walt Disney

1. What are their famous films and successful box office results?

Box office results

Top Disney movies

2. Are they a conglomerate? What other companies do they own? Prove with examples.

They're a conglomerate being one of the 6 major studios. Assets Disney own

3. List 6 films that the company has made in the last 5 years

4. How much money are they worth?

$74 billion

5. What new technological developments have they made?
The quality of image have improved i.e the drawing of characters.
(X)

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Television – BBC

Where is the BBC located?

Its headquarters are in London.

What does BBC stand for?

British Broadcasting Corporation.

Who owns the BBC?

John Reith.

How is the BBC funded?

TV licenses.

List what type of programmes the BBC show?

Documentaries, dramas, sport, comedy, sport, radio.

Is the BBC a media conglomerate?

If yes explain, if no explain. No because a conglomerate means a company ones multiple companies in different sectors, which the BBC doesn't.

Is the company multinational, national or local? and give your reasons. Local, because it has local news. National because it's based in London and shown all over and it's international because it reports globally.

Activity 2
What is the ethos of the BBC?
To enrich peoples' lives with programmes and services that inform, educate and entertain.

What is the BBC for?
It's the outcome of the TV license being a public service broadcaster that provides us with various channels that show sport, news, documentaries and dramas etc.

What is the future of the BBC?

I think that the BBC will turn into a commercial channel, now that light is getting shone on the fact it's funded by the public paying the TV license fee and most people aren't getting anything out of it or watching any BBC channels or programmes, it will be stopped and funding will have to come from advertisers and sponsors.

Activity 3

Watch the You Tube video (http://youtu.be/D3X9rc0KXxU) on the BBC and answer the questions

What is the BBC for?

The BBC is there to provide a broad selection of programmes for the audience who are paying for the channel.

What does the video say that the BBC is doing incorrectly?

Using public money the wrong way and they're lost sight of their vision which has been proven from the past year which hasn't been a good one for them.

What does the article say about the funding in the future for the BBC?

The article says that the BBC should accept money from advertisers to fund the channel but it doesn't necessarily mean that this will introduce the use of ad breaks. This however would put them in direct competition for funding as the funding pot is limited and this is the only channel that doesn't use advertisers and sponsorships to fund their channel.

Activity 4

What, according to the article below, what is wrong with the BBChttp://www.theguardian.com/media/2014/jan/14/itv-bbc-licence-fee-top-sliced
That they're using the money the public are paying in the wrong way to pay for copy cat TV shows that are spin offs of existing shows.
""People are right to be concerned that the BBC's news provision, [which] unless carefully monitored, risks the self-reinforcing dominance of a single editorial voice," said ITV."

Activity 5

What do you think are the advantages of having a public service broadcaster?
The advantages are that the television being produced by the broadcaster has to cater for a diverse range of people so there's something for everything. Rather than channels like the ITV who make soap programmes etc that are all aimed for a similar age bracket - public service broadcasters have to make shows for a wide range of people of all ages because it's the public who are paying for it.

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Vertical and horizontal integration

Vertical integration - "vertically integrated"

The way conglomerates are structured:

- When the two or three stages of a production are owned.

1. Production (making it)

2. Distribution (marketing it)

3. Exhibition (showing it)

Horizontally integrated

The way conglomerates are structured:

When one company owns a range of different companies in a different field of work. I.e newspapers, book publishers, online or music companies.

Script notes for film section of vlog.

1st. Introduce your film studio and what films they're famous for.

2nd. What were their successful box office films.

3rd. Who are their competition?

4th. How are they structured? Who is the conglomerate and how are they integrated? (examples)

5th. How successful is this conglomerate?

6th. What are the debates - pros and cons of a few media conglomerates owning the majority of the media?

7th. New subsection: What new technologies have improved our consumption of film? What is the future?

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Film Company - 20th Century Fox

1. What are their famous films and successful box office results?

Famous films - Avatar, Star Wars: Episode 1 - The Phantom Menace, Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs, Ice Age: Continental Drift, Star Wars: Episode 3 - Revenge of the Sith, Independence Day.

2. Are they owned by a conglomerate? What other companies do this conglomerate own? Prove with examples.

They're owned by 21st Century Fox and aren't a conglomerate as they don't own any other companies.

3. List 6 films that the company has made in the last 5 years

4. How much money are they and their conglomerate worth?

20th C/F - $10.7 b

Their conglomerate 21st C/F - $34.4 b

5. What new technological developments have they made?

20th Century Fox has been bought by 21st Century, they're now a company owned by them.

(X)

Film Company - Warner Bros

1. What are their famous films and successful box office results?

Famous films: The Dark Knight, The Dark Knight Rises, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2, Harry Potter and The Philosophers Stone, The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey, Harry Potter and The Half Blood Prince.